Showing posts with label 5. Part 4: Light. Project: The time of day. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 5. Part 4: Light. Project: The time of day. Show all posts

Monday, 18 February 2013

Cloudy weather and rain

10th February 2013

Part 1 Sun and cloud

I took these two photos as part of this exercise. On re-reading the exercise I thought I should have used shutter priority to give a difference in F stops. However, as I would not take a photo like this with shutter priority, I have included it. The F number would be slightly lower ? f6 if the shutter speed remained the same. I think the picture would be identical. (I did a simple experiment looking through the viewfinder of the camera and observing the values whilst writing this up.)There is no colour difference in these, it is only the shadow detail which changes.  Whilst waiting for the sun to disappear behind the cloud, I observed that the reflection of the gate did not alter with the sun going behind the cloud.

I prefer the picture without the hard shadow detail because it adds extra lines into the scene to distract the viewer. Without the lines, the viewer follows the path.

IMG_3654 web   IMG_3656 web
F8 1/350 ISO400 40mm   F8 1/250 ISO400 40mm

These two pictures were taken on my way home from work with a compact camera because I noticed when walking round my local area that there were hardly any cars around. The F stop number is the same but the shutter speed differs. If I had taken the picture with TV (shutter priority) instead of on AV (aperture priority) keeping the shutter speed the same , the F number would be smaller to let more light through the lens. However, I would not take a photo like this on TV unless I was trying to capture movement. The slower shutter speed photo looks more blue in colour.

I think the picture of the cars with soft shadow is more even in colour and the shadows distract the viewer from the scene. The large shadow across the road makes me want to crop the photo.

  
F8 1/125 ISO100 18.1 mm               F8  1/80 ISO100 18.1mm

These two photos were also taken on aperture priority. The effect of using exposure compensation lowers the shutter speed, and if the ISO was set to 100 in the snowy picture, the shutter speed would be less. Through the experience I have with my camera, I would guess that the if two pictures were identical in shutter speed, the snowy one would have a higher F number because there is more available light to enter the camera.
 
I prefer the sunny picture because the shadow adds detail. The cloudy picture looks quite flat.

IMG_2183 web   IMG_3630 daylight web
F16 1/125 ISO400  24mm exp comp –1  F4 1/80 ISO100 24mm

The photos included on the previous page for this exercise (Doris Ullmann, Mr and Mrs Newt Man of Holston) in my opinion is better taken with diffused, cloudy light because there is already plenty of soft shadow detail. The detail on their faces, hands and clothing are visible and could be lost if the shadow was harder.

Looking through my library of photographs, most of them are taken on sunny days with some shadow detail. I have selected two which I took before the sun came out. These show the detail of the fungus and background because there is an even light and no shadow detail.

fungus 42   fungus 39
F4 1/20 ISO400 55mm                                F8 1/10 ISO400 100mm
 
Part 2 Cloudy weather

Signpost                               Rosehip
IMG_1505 web   IMG_1545 crop rosehip frozen web
F4 1/60 ISO400 55mm     F6.7 1/30 ISO400 105mm 

The relief on the signpost looks very flat because there is no shadow detail. Taken on a sunny day, the picture would have some shadow detail giving it a more three dimensional look.

The rosehip colours show through even though they are frosty because the strong colour is lit evenly. This picture would look different on a sunny day.

Frozen rain on reed     
IMG_1517 frozen reed web
F6.7 1/90 ISO400 105mm

As the light is even, the frozen rain on the reeds can be viewed without the sun reflecting onto the surface. I think it makes the photo more atmospheric than sun on frozen reeds.

Part 3 Rain

IMG_3510 rain b and w web   IMG_3559 rain1 web
F8 1/90 ISO800 40mm    F5.6 1/90 ISO200 150mm

During a rainy day, I experimented with rain. I like the first picture. I converted it to black and white because the greens were still bright and I was hoping to create the impression of a drab day. By leaving the brolly red, I introduced an accent colour. I was pleased with the effect of the brolly over the puddle acting as a reflector, enabling the viewer to see the ringlets on the puddle.

I took a few photos of the brolly to achieve a pleasing depth of field and angle of the edges of the brolly. I think it could be improved by capturing the drips off the end of the spoke in more detail.
IMG_3521 rain tree web   IMG_3616 rain web
F8 1/90 ISO200 150mm                   F4 1/250 ISO200 105mm

The bushes in the rain were holding the rain drops like jewels. I was pleased that I captured the rain too. I had expected to need a slower shutter speed to record the rain. I think the blurred background adds to the feeling of the wet like looking through a window.

Determined to make the best use of the rainy day, I tried a couple of creative shots in the garden. I walked round the washing line looking at various angles and positions where the reflections of houses would not be included in the rain drops. I liked this one because the colours enhance the feeling of rain.

Wednesday, 6 February 2013

Light through the day


4th February 2013

The following exercise looks at light through the day. I chose a field which contained a gate which was about a mile from home. Although the composition of the picture was not my first choice, I thought this gave me a blank canvas for the sky and field and space to observe the shadows.

What I expected to happen was to track the light across the sky and keep the horizon low enough for any clouds to add interest for a skyscape. I had used the location for observing sunset and taken pictures from the other direction in the snow, so knew that I would catch shadows from the gate, although at sunrise the gate would be in shadow from trees in the field.

As I stood observing the first hour, I decided to change to a wide angle lens to capture the sun moving across the field. Having read the chapter on changing light by Hedgecoe in his book “The art of digital photography” (2009, Penguin, Hong Kong) and observed how he uses a sun and lens flare to add drama to action shots, I thought this exercise would give me the opportunity to observe lens flare and suns rays as it is something I had not tried.

I noticed that the early morning light was very blue in colour. I liked the photos which had sidelighting and shadows which add depth such as 10:45, and to some extent this is helped by a more interesting composition –i.e. having a dog walker in the scene. (Normally there are sheep or cows in the field but they had been moved, possibly due to the heavy snows.) When the sun was out, I could predict where the shadows would fall. In the late afternoon (14:45 1 hour before sunset) the lighting in the scene reminded me of a John Constable painting. I think this is to do with the diffused lighting through the clouds. It gave a different feel to the photo. It felt more restful than the dramatic, bright sun. I was expecting that when the sky became red and the light was reflected onto the grass, the pink grass would appear on the photo. Unfortunately, I did not capture this as it was just out of the frame.

Key:
1. F11 1/10 ISO 100 24mm 2/2/13 08:10
2. F11 1/10 ISO 100 24mm 2/2/13 08:21
3. F11 1/15 ISO 100 24mm 2/2/13 08:28
4. F16 1/45 ISO 100 10mm 2/2/13 09:48
5. F19 1/60 ISO 100 10mm 2/2/13 10:43
6. F16 1/90 ISO 100 10mm 2/2/13 11:45
7. F16 1/125 ISO 100 10mm 2/2/13 12:41
8. F16 1/25 ISO 100 10mm 2/2/13 13:48
9. F16 1/90 ISO 100 10mm 4/2/13 14:53
10. F16 1/30 ISO 100 10mm 4/2/13 15:46
11. F16 1/20 ISO 100 10mm 4/2/13 15:55
12. F16 2secs ISO100 10mm 4/2/13 17:10
13. F16 3secs ISO 100 24mm 4/2/13 17:15
14. F16 4secs ISO 100 24mm 4/2/13 17:21
15. F16 6secs ISO 100 24mm 4/2/13 17:24
16. F16 8secs ISO 100 24mm 4/2/13 17:28

Sunday, 3 February 2013

Variety with a low sun


12th January 2013

Frontal Lighting


With frontal lighting, the sun is directly behind the camera which illuminates the front of the subject. “Frontal lighting has the least depth” (of the 4 types of directional light) “because the visible part of the subject is entirely highlighted”. (P88, Hunter, Biver, Fuqua 2007) This is illustrated by the gargoyle below because there is not much tonal variation as the sun casts the shadow behind the subject. The subject stands out because of the contrast with the background (orange/blue) rather than the shadows and highlights – i.e if the picture was taken against the wall, the subject would be lost. In the other 3 pictures, the inclusion of shadow detail and perspective gives some depth to the pictures.
These 4 pictures were taken at Rufford Abbey with low winter sun.

13/12/10 14:00                   13/12/10 14:45
   front lighting      rufford front lighting
1/180 F9.5 ISO100 47mm     1/8 F13 ISO 100 24mm
–1Exposure Compensation   

9/1/13 12:55                       9/1/13 13:28  
                    
IMG_1800 web           Tree front lighting web
1/180 F13 ISO400 85mm                 1/180 F8 ISO 100 28mm


Side Lighting


All these pictures show side lighting. This lighting adds interest to the picture in the form of shadows and depth. I underexposed the statue of the lady because the sun was bright and the camera exposed for the light. However, I have lost the detail in the shadows. On reflection, I should have used partial (spot) metering and taken a reading in the light and dark sides of the picture and worked out a compromise between the two.


9/1/13 13:53                              13/12/12 14:10
IMG_1799 web     IMG_1820 web
F13 1/60 ISO400 Focal Length 105mm      F13 1/125 ISO100 Focal Length 40mm
                                                                -1 exposure compensation

13/12/12 13:27                            9/1/13 14:00
side lighting webIMG_1855 seagulls side lighting web
F11 1/45 ISO100 Focal Length 55mm       F8 1/180 ISO400 Focal Length 105mm

     

Back lighting


With the sun behind the abbey, a silhouette is produced. Backlighting can be used to add drama to landscape photos There is some depth to the abbey picture provided by the shadows on the grass. However, the subject (abbey) is mostly black and appears to look quite flat (the only tones are those on the roof). In the twilight picture, there is again little depth. Interest is added from the clouds and lines.

13/12/12 14:40                              11/12/12 15:18
rufford back lighting     IMG_1457 back lighting web
F13 1/125 ISO100 Focal Length 28mm F13 1/125 ISO100 Focal Length 35mm

            

Edge Lighting


Rim lighting is used to separate the subject from the background and edge lighting highlights the edge of a subject such as in the rhododendron leaves and bench. Rim lighting works well for subjects such as people, leaves and plants. Edge lighting occurs when the subject is in front of a darker subject – for example the zebra and stone ornament were in front of dark trees. All are taken into sun.

30/12/12 11:14                     9/1/13 14:21
     IMG_1873 rhododendron leaves Rufford edge lighting web
F4.5 1/640 ISO400 Focal length 25mm  F8 1/60 ISO400 Focal length 70mm
                                                        Exposure Compensation -1

9/1/13 14:08                             9/1/13 14:08
IMG_1821 edge lighting Rufford web     IMG_1865 bench Rufford edge lighting web
F13 1/30 ISO100 Focal Length 28mm   F8 1/350 ISO400 Focal length 105mm
                          Exposure Compensation -1

Reference
F. Hunter, S. Biver, P Fuqua, Light, Science and Magic an introduction to photographic lighting, Focal Press, UK 2007